{"id":715,"date":"2015-04-24T13:10:17","date_gmt":"2015-04-24T20:10:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/puyallup.wsu.edu\/lcs\/?page_id=715"},"modified":"2018-07-16T08:55:11","modified_gmt":"2018-07-16T15:55:11","slug":"reference-compost-tea","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/puyallup.wsu.edu\/lcs\/reference-compost-tea\/","title":{"rendered":"Literature on Compost Tea and Disease Suppression"},"content":{"rendered":"<br \/>\n<section id=\"builder-section-1429905169547\" class=\"row single gutter pad-top no-bullet hanging highlight-item\">\n<header>\n<h1>Literature on Compost Tea and Disease Suppression<\/h1>\n<\/header>\n<div style=\"\" class=\"column one \">\n<p><strong>Compiled by Dr. Linda Chalker-Scott, Ph.D.<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Associate Professor and Extension Urban Horticulturist, WSU Puyallup Research and Extension Center<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>Refereed, Scientific Publications<\/h2>\n<h3>Compost Effects on Disease Suppression<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Arora<\/strong>, T, Y. Eklind, B. Ramert and S. Alstrom. 2005. Microbial analysis and test of plant pathogen antagonism of municipal and farm composts. <em>Biological Agriculture and Horticulture<\/em> 22 (4): 349-367.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chen<\/strong>, W., H.A.J. Hoitink, A.F. Schmitthenner, and O.H. Tuovinen. 1988. The role of microbial activity in suppression of damping-off caused by <em>Pythium ultimum<\/em>. <em>Phytopathology<\/em> 78 (3): 314-322.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Crohn<\/strong>, D.M. and M.L. Bishop. 1999. Proximate carbon analysis for compost production and mulch use. <em>Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers<\/em> 42 (3): 791-797.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Erhart<\/strong>, E., K. Burian, W. Hartl and K. Stich. 1999. Suppression of <em>Pythium ultimum<\/em> by biowaste composts in relation to compost microbial biomass, activity and content of phenolic compounds. <em>Journal of Phytopathology<\/em> 147 (5): 299-305.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Erhart<\/strong>, E. and K. Burian. 1997. Evaluating quality and suppressiveness of Austrian biowaste composts. <em>Compost Science and Utilization<\/em> 5 (3): 15-24.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fayolle<\/strong>, L., R. Noble, E. Coventry , S. Aime and C. Alabouvette. 2006. Eradication of <em>Plasmodiophora brassicae<\/em> during composting of wastes. <em>Plant Pathology<\/em> 55(4): 553-558.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hoitink<\/strong>, H.A.J., A.G. Stone and D.Y. Han. 1997. Suppression of plant diseases by composts. <em>HortScience<\/em> 32 (2): 184-187.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hoitink<\/strong>, H.A.J, D.M. VanDoren Jr. and A.F. Schmitthenner. 1977. Suppression of <em>Phytophthora cinnamomi<\/em> in a composted hardwood bark potting medium. <em>Phytopathology<\/em>. 67 (4): 561-565.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kannangara<\/strong>, T., R.S. Utkhede, J.W. Paul and A.K. Punja. 2000. Effects of mesophilic and thermophilic composts on suppression of <em>Fusarium<\/em> root and stem rot of greenhouse cucumber. <em>Canadian Journal of Microbiology<\/em> 46 (11): 1021-1028.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kavroulakis<\/strong>, N., C. Ehaliotis, S. Ntougias, G.I. Zervakis and K.K. Papadopoulou. 2005.<\/li>\n<li>Local and systemic resistance against fungal pathogens of tomato plants elicited by a compost derived from agricultural residues. <em>Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology<\/em> 66: 163-174.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lumsden, <\/strong>R.D., P.D. Millner and J.A. Lewis. 1986. Suppression of lettuce drop caused by <em>Sclerotinia minor<\/em> with composted sewage sludge. <em>Plant Disease<\/em> 70 (3): 197-201.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mills<\/strong>, D.J., C.B. Coffman, J.R. Teasdale, K.L. Everts and J.D. Anderson. 2002. Factors associated with foliage disease of staked fresh market tomatoes grown under different bed strategies. <em>Plant Disease<\/em> 86 (4): 356-361.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mochizuki<\/strong>, T. and K. Yamakawa. 1988. Method for screening the resistance to <em>Fusarium<\/em> crown and root rot <em>Fusarium oxysporum<\/em> F. sp. <em>radicis lycopersici<\/em> of tomato in the early seeding stage. <em>Bulletin of the National Research Institute of Vegetables Ornamental Plants and Tea Series A<\/em>. (2): 217-238.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ryckeboer<\/strong>, J. and J. Coosemans. 1996. The suppression of clubroot ( <em>Plasmodiophora brassicae<\/em> Wor.) on cauliflower after the addition of biowaste composts to the potting soil. <em>Mededelingen Faculteit Landbouwkundige en Toegepaste Biologische Wetenschappen Universiteit Gent<\/em>. 61 (1): 31-41.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Scheuerell, <\/strong>S.J., D.M. Sullivan and W.F. Mahaffee. 2005. Suppression of seedling damping-off caused by <em>Pythium ultimum<\/em>, <em>P. irregulare<\/em>, and <em>Rhizoctonia solani<\/em> in container media amended with a diverse range of Pacific Northwest compost sources. <em>Phytopathology<\/em> 95: 306-315.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Spencer<\/strong>, S. and D.M. Benson. 1982. Pine bark hardwood bark compost and peat amendment effects on development of <em>Phytophthora<\/em> spp. and <em>Lupine lupinus angustifolius<\/em> root rot. <em>P hytopathology<\/em> 72(3): 346-351.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Spring<\/strong>, D.E., M.A. Ellis, R.A. Spotts, H.A.J. Hoitink and A.F. Schmitthenner. 1980. Suppression of the apple collar rot pathogen in composted hardwood bark. <em>Phytopathology<\/em>70(12): 1209-1211.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Szczech, M.M. <\/strong>1999. Suppressiveness of vermicompost against fusarium wilt of tomato. <em>Journal of Phytopathology<\/em> 147(3): 155-161.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tilston, <\/strong>E.L., D. Pitt and A.C. Groenhof. 2002. Composted recycled organic matter suppresses soil-borne diseases of field crops. <em>New Phytologist<\/em> 154(3): 731-740.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Traenkner<\/strong>, A. 1992. Use of agricultural and municipal organic wastes to develop suppressiveness to plant pathogens, pp. 35-42. In: E.C. Tjamos, G.C. Papavizas and R.J. Cook (eds.), <em>Biological Control of Plant Diseases: Progress and Challenges for the Future.<\/em>NATO ASI Series No. 230, Plenum Press, New York, NY.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ueda<\/strong>, T., H. Kai and E. Taniguchi. 1990. Growth inhibition of soil-borne pathogenic fungi by typical sterols. <em>Soil Biology and Biochemistry<\/em> 22(7): 987-992.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Widmer, <\/strong>T.L., J.H. Graham and D.J. Mitchell. 1998. Composted municipal waste reduces infection of citrus seedlings by <em>Phytophthora nicotianae<\/em>. <em>Plant Disease<\/em> 82(6): 683-688.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zinati<\/strong>, G.M. 2005. Compost in the 20th century: A tool to control plant diseases in nursery and vegetable crops. <em>HortTechnology<\/em> 15(1): 61-66.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Compost Tea Literature Reviews<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Litterick<\/strong>, A.M., L. Harrier, P. Wallace, C.A. Watson and M. Wood. 2004. The role of uncomposted materials, composts, manures, and compost extracts in reducing pest and disease incidence and severity in sustainable temperate agricultural and horticultural crop production &#8211; A review. <em>Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences<\/em> 23(6): 453-479.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Litterick<\/strong>, A.M., C.A. Watson, P. Wallace and M. Wood. 2004. Compost teas &#8211; a simple disease control solution for organic crops?, pp. 188-191. In: A. Hopkins (ed.) <em>Organic farming: science and practice for profitable livestock and cropping<\/em>. Newport, Shropshire, UK<\/li>\n<li><strong>Scheuerell, <\/strong>S. and W. Mahaffee. 2002. Compost tea: Principles and prospects for plant disease control. <em>Compost Science and Utilization<\/em> 10(4): 313-338.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Anaerobic Compost Tea (NCT) &amp; Disease Control<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Al-Dahmani, <\/strong> J.H., P.A. Abbasi, S.A. Miller and H.A.J. Hoitink. 2003. Suppression of bacterial spot of tomato with foliar sprays of compost extracts under greenhouse and field conditions. <em>Plant Disease<\/em> 87(8): 913-919.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cronin<\/strong>, M.J., D.S. Yohalem, R.F. Harris and J.H. Andrews. 1996. Putative mechanism and dynamics of inhibition of the apple scab pathogen <em>Venturia inaequalis<\/em> by compost extracts. <em>Soil Biology and Biochemistry<\/em> 28(9): 1241-1249.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Daami-Remadi<\/strong>, M., H. Jabnoun-Khiareddine, F. Ayed, K. Hibar, I.E.A. Znaidi and M. El-Mahjoub. 2006. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of individually compost fungi for potato <em>Fusarium<\/em> dry rot biocontrol. <em>Journal of Biological Sciences<\/em> 6(3): 572-580.<\/li>\n<li><strong>El-Masry, <\/strong>M.H., A.I. Khalil, M.S. Hassouna and H.A.H. Ibrahim. 2002. <em>In situ<\/em> and <em>in vitro<\/em> suppressive effect of agricultural composts and their water extracts on some phytopathogenic fungi. <em>World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology<\/em>18(6): 551-558.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Elad, <\/strong>Y. and D. Shtienberg. 1994. Effect of compost water extracts on grey mould ( <em>Botrytis cinerea<\/em>). <em>Crop Protection<\/em> 13(2): 109-114.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fokkema, <\/strong>N..J. 1993. Opportunities and problems of control of foliar pathogens with microorganisms. <em>Pesticide Science<\/em> 37(4): 411-416.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Grebus, <\/strong>M.E., M.E. Watson and H.A.J. Hoitink. 1994. Biological, chemical and physical properties of composted yard trimmings as indicators of maturity and plant disease suppression. <em>Compost Science and Utilization<\/em>2(1): 57-71.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hardy<\/strong>, G.E.S.J. and K. Sivasithamparam. 1991. Effects of sterile and non-sterile leachates extracted from composted eucalyptus bark and pine-bark container media on <em>Phytophthora<\/em> spp. <em>Soil Biology and Biochemistry<\/em>23(1): 25-30.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kai<\/strong>, H., T. Ueda, and M. Sakjaguchi. 1990. Antimicrobial activity of bark compost extracts. <em>Soil Biology and Biochemistry<\/em> 22(7): 983-986.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kokalis<\/strong>, B.N. and K.R. Rodriguez. 1994. Effects of pine bark extracts and pine bark powder on fungal pathogens, soil enzyme activity, and microbial populations. <em>Biological Control<\/em> 4(3): 269-276.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kuc<\/strong>, J. and N.E. Strobel. 1992. Induced resistance using pathogens and nonpathogens, pp. 295-\u00ad301. In: E.S. Tjamos, G.C. Papavizas, and R.J. Cook (ed.) <em>Biological Control of Plant Diseases: Progress and Challenges for the Future<\/em>. NATO ASI Series No. 230. Plenum Press, New York, NY.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kumar, <\/strong>P.M.P., S.M.H. Qadri, M.D. Maji, S.K. Gangwar and B. Saratchandra. 2000. Biological control of <em>Phyllactinia corylea<\/em> (Pers.) Karst, using composted plant extracts. <em>Indian Journal of Sericulture<\/em>39(1): 81-83.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mapleston, <\/strong>P.A., J.M. Whipps and J.M. Lynch. 1991. Effect of peat-bran inoculum of <em>Trichoderma<\/em> spp. on biological control of <em>Rhizoctonia solani<\/em> in lettuce. <em>Plant and Soil<\/em> 136 (2): 257-264.<\/li>\n<li><strong>McQuilken, <\/strong>M.P., J.M. Whipps and J.M. Lynch. 1994. Effects of water extracts of a composted manure-straw mixture on the plant pathogen <em>Botrytis cinerea<\/em>. <em>World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology<\/em> 10(1): 20-26.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mello<\/strong>, A.F.S., S. deA. Lourenco and L. Amorim. 2005. Alternative products in the in vitro inhibition of <em>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum<\/em>. <em>Scientia Agricola<\/em> 62(2): 179-183.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Militante, <\/strong>E.P. and B. Krishnapillay. 2002. Biological control of forest tree diseases. <em>Basic Principles of Biotechnology and Their Application in Forestry<\/em> 117-125.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nagai, <\/strong> H., M Matsusaki and M. Ogiso. 2002. Disease suppressing of <em>Fusarium<\/em> crown and root rots of tomato by antagonistic bacteria AP-1. <em>Research Bulletin of the Aichi ken Agricultural Research Center<\/em> (34): 105-110.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ozer<\/strong>, N. and N.D. Koycu. 2006. The ability of plant compost leachates to control black mold ( <em>Aspergillus niger<\/em>) and to induce the accumulation of antifungal compounds in onion following seed treatment. <em>BioControl<\/em> 51(2): 229-243.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Redl<\/strong>, H. and K. Bauer. 1990. Investigation of alternative agents with respect to their effectiveness against <em>Plasmopara viticola<\/em> and their influence on yields under Australian viticultural conditions. <em>Mitteilungen Klosterneuburg<\/em>40(3): 134-138.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sackenheim<\/strong>, R, H.C. Weltzien and W.K. Kast. 1994. Effects of microflora composition in the phyllosphere on biological regulation of grapevine fungal diseases. <em>Vitis<\/em> 33(4): 235-240.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Samerski<\/strong>, C. and H.C. Weltzien. 1988. Investigations on the mode of action of compost extracts in the host-parasite-system sugar beet\u2014powdery mildew. <em>Journal of Plant Disease Protection<\/em> 95(2): 176-181.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sharma, <\/strong>V.P. and C.L. Jandaik. 1994. Effect of some plant materials in controlling different moulds in <em>Agaricus bisporus<\/em> (Lange) Imbach. <em>Indian Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology<\/em>24(3):183-185.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tautorus<\/strong>, T.E. and P.M. Townsley. 1983. Biological control of olive green mold in <em>Agaricus bisporus<\/em> cultivation. <em>Applied and Environmental Microbiology<\/em> 45(2): 511-515.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trankner<\/strong>, A. 1992. Use of agricultural and municipal organic wastes to develop suppressiveness to plant pathogens, pp. 35\u00ad42. In: E.C. Tjamos, G.C. Papavizas, and R.J. Cook (ed.) <em>Biological Control of Plant Diseases: Progress and Challenges for the Future<\/em>. NATO ASI Series No. 230. Plenum Press, New York, NY.<\/li>\n<li><strong>van Os, <\/strong>G.J. and J.H. van Ginkel. 2001. Suppression of <em>Pythium<\/em> root rot in bulbous <em>Iris<\/em> in relation to biomass and activity of the soil microflora. <em>Soil Biology and Biochemistry<\/em> 33(11): 1447-1454.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Wang, <\/strong>P.C. and J.W. Huang. 2000. Characteristics for inhibition of cucumber damping-off by spent forest mushroom compost. <em>Plant Pathology Bulletin<\/em> 9(4): 137-144.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Welke<\/strong>, S.E. 2005. The effect of compost extract on the yield of strawberries and the severity of <em>Botrytis cinerea<\/em>. <em>Journal of Sustainable Agriculture<\/em> 25(1): 57-68.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Weltzien<\/strong>, H.C. and N. Ketterer. 1986. Control of downy mildew, <em>Plasmopara viticola<\/em>(de Bary) Berlese et de Toni, on grapevine leaves through water extracts from composted organic wastes. <em>Journal of Phytopathology<\/em>. 116:186-188.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Weltzien<\/strong>, H.C. 1990. The use of composted materials for leaf disease suppression in field crops, pp. 115\u00ad-120. In: <em>Crop Protection in Organic and Low-Input Agriculture<\/em>. British Crop Protection Council Monographs No. 45, l.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Weltzien<\/strong>, H.C. 1991. Biocontrol of foliar fungal diseases with compost extracts. p. 430\u00ad-450. In: John H. Andrews and Susan S. Hirano (ed.) Microbial Ecology of Leaves. Springer-Verlag, New York, NY.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Yohalem<\/strong>, D.S., E.V. Nordheim and J.H. Andrews. 1996. The effect of water extracts of spent mushroom compost on apple scab in the field. <em>Phytopathology<\/em>86(9): 914-922.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Yohalem<\/strong>, D.S., R. Voland, E.V. Nordheim, R.F. Harris and J.H. Andrews. 1996. Sample size requirements to evaluate spore germination inhibition by compost extracts. <em>Soil Biology and Biochemistry<\/em> 28(4\/5): 519-525.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Yohalem, <\/strong>D.S., R.F. Harris and J.H. Andrews. 1994. Aqueous extracts of spent mushroom substrate for foliar disease control. <em>Compost Science and Utilization<\/em> 2(4): 67-74.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zhang<\/strong>, W., D.Y. Han, W.A. Dick, K.R. Davis and H.A.J. Hoitink. 1998. Compost and compost water extract-induced systemic acquired resistance in cucumber and <em>Arabidopsis<\/em>. <em>Phytopathology<\/em> 88(5): 450-455.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Aerobic Compost Tea (ACT) &amp; Disease Control<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Aerts<\/strong>, R., B. De Schutter and L. Rombouts. 2002. Suppression of <em>Pythium<\/em> spp. by <em>Trichoderma<\/em> spp. during germination of tomato seeds in soilless growing media. <em>Mededelingen Faculteit Landbouwkundige en Toegepaste Biologische Wetenschappen Universiteit Gent<\/em>. 2002; 67(2): 343-351.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Al-Mughrabi<\/strong>, K.I. 2006. Antibiosis ability of aerobic compost tea against foliar and tuber potato diseases. <em>Biotechnology<\/em> 5(1): 69-74.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cronin<\/strong>, M.J., D.S. Yohalem, R.F. Harris and J.H. Andrews. 1996. Putative mechanism and dynamics of inhibition of the apple scab pathogen <em>Venturia inaequalis<\/em> by compost extracts. <em>Soil Biology and Biochemistry<\/em> 28(9):1241-1249.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Di\u00e1nez, <\/strong> F., I. Trillas, M. Avil\u00e9s, J.C. Tello, M. Santos, A. Boix and M. de Cara. 2006.<\/li>\n<li>Grape marc compost tea suppressiveness to plant pathogenic fungi: Role of siderophores.<\/li>\n<li><em>Compost Science and Utilization<\/em> 14(1): 48-53.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Scheuerell<\/strong>, S.J. and W.F. Mahaffee. 2004. Compost tea as a container medium drench for suppressing seedling damping-off caused by <em>Pythium ultimum<\/em>. <em>Phytopathology<\/em> 94(11): 1156-1163.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sturz<\/strong>, A.V., D.H. Lynch, R.C. Martin and A.M. Driscoll. 2006. Influence of compost tea, powdered kelp, and Manzate Reg. 75 on bacterial-community composition, and antibiosis against <em>Phytophthora infestans<\/em> in the potato phylloplane. <em>Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology<\/em>. 2006; 28(1): 52-62.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Utkhede, <\/strong>R. and C. Koch. 2004. Biological treatments to control bacterial canker of greenhouse tomatoes. <em>Biocontrol<\/em> 49(3): 305-313.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Compost Tea, Leachate &amp; Extract Problems<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Bugbee, <\/strong> G.J. 1999. Effects of hardwood sawdust in potting media containing biosolids compost on plant growth, fertilizer needs, and nitrogen leaching. <em>Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis<\/em> 30(5\/6): 689-698.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cabrera<\/strong>, G.L., D.M.G. Rodriguez and A.B. Maruri . 1999. Genotoxicity of the extracts from the compost of the organic and the total municipal garbage using three plant bioassays. <em>Mutation Research<\/em>426(2): 201-206.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Carrion<\/strong>, C., M. Abad, A. Maquieira, R. Puchades, F. Fornes and V. Noguera. 2005. Leaching of composts from agricultural wastes to prepare nursery potting media. <em>Acta Horticulturae<\/em> 697: 117-124.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Duffy<\/strong>, B., C. Sarreal, S. Ravva and L. Stanker. 2004. Effect of molasses on regrowth of <em>E. coli<\/em> O157 : H7 and <em>Salmonella<\/em> in compost teas. <em>Compost Science and Utilization<\/em> 12(1): 93-96.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gils<\/strong>, J., C. Chong and G. Lumis. 2005. Response of container-grown ninebark to crude and nutrient-enriched recirculating compost leachates. <em>Hortscience<\/em> 40(5): 1507-1512.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Guo<\/strong>, M., J. Chorover, R. Rosario and R.H. Fox. 2001. Leachate chemistry of field-weathered spent mushroom substrate. <em>Journal of Environmental Quality<\/em> 30(5): 1699-1709.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hui<\/strong>, C.H., M.K. So, C.M. Lee and G.Y.S. Chan. 2003. Nitrous oxide flux from landfill leachate-sawdust nitrogenous compost. <em>Chemosphere<\/em> 52(9): 1547-1551.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Madrid<\/strong>, F, P. Burgos and E. Diaz-Barrientos. 2000. Mobilisation of metals from homogeneous soil columns by various aqueous solutions. <em>Fresenius Environmental Bulletin<\/em> 9 (5-6): 352-359.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kuo<\/strong>, S., R.L. Hummel, E.J. Jellum and D. Privett. 1997. Fishwaste compost effects on rhododendron growth and nitrogen leaching and transformation. <em>Journal of Environmental Quality<\/em> 26(3): 733-739.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kannangara, <\/strong> T., T. Forge and B. Dang. 2006. Effects of aeration, molasses, kelp, compost type, and carrot juice on the growth of <em>Escherichia coli<\/em> in compost teas. <em>Compost Science and Utilization<\/em> 14(1): 40-47.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lafrance<\/strong>, C; Lessard, P; Buelna, G. 1996. Evaluation of peat and compost filtration for the treatment of the effluent of yard waste composting facilities. <em>Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering<\/em> 23(5): 1041-1050.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lin<\/strong>, H.T., M.C. Wang and G.C. Li. 2004. Complexation of arsenate with humic substance in water extract of compost. <em>Chemosphere<\/em> 56(11): 1105-1112.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Li, <\/strong>Y.C., P.J. Stoffella, A.K. Alva, D.V. Calvert and D.A. Graetz. 1997. Leaching of nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate from compost amended soil columns. <em>Compost Science and Utilization<\/em> 5(2): 63-67.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Liu<\/strong>, C. and K.V. Lo. 2001. Ammonia removal from compost leachate using zeolite. II. A study using continuous flow packed columns. <em>Journal of Environmental Science and Health B<\/em> 36(5): 667-675.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Marchiol<\/strong>, L; Mondini, C; Leita, L; Zerbi, G. 1999. Effects of municipal waste leachate on seed germination in soil-compost mixtures. <em>Restoration Ecology<\/em> 7(2): 155-161.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pare<\/strong>, M., T.C. Paulitz and K.A. Stewart. 2000. Composting of crucifer wastes using geotextile covers. <em>Compost Science and Utilization<\/em> 8(1): 36-45.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sharpley<\/strong>, A. and B. Moyer. 2000. Phosphorus forms in manure and compost and their release during simulated rainfall. <em>Journal of Environmental Quality<\/em> 29(5): 1462-1469.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Woodbury<\/strong>, P.B. 1992. Trace-elements in municipal solid-waste composts \u2013 a review of potential detrimental effects on plants, soil biota, and water-quality. <em>Biomass and Bioenergy<\/em> 3(3-4): 239-259.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zapata<\/strong>, N., F. Guerrero and A. Polo. 2005. Evaluacion de corteza de pino y residuos urbanos como componentes de sustratos de cultivo. [Evaluation of pine bark and urban wastes as components of plant growth media.] <em>Agricultura Tecnica<\/em> 65(4): 378-387.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Other Compost Tea Work<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Anon<\/strong>. 2005. Needed: Compost tea research findings. <em>Compost Science and Utilization<\/em> 13(2): 87.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Christensen<\/strong>, T.H. 1985. Cadmium soil sorption at low concentrations. IV. Effect of waste leachates on distribution coefficients. <em>Water, Air and Soil Pollution<\/em> 26(3): 265-274.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Drenovsky<\/strong>, R.E., R.A. Duncan and K.M. Scow. 2005. Soil sterilization and organic carbon, but not microbial inoculants, change microbial communities in replanted peach orchards.<br \/>\n<em>California Agriculture<\/em> 59(3): 176-181.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gils<\/strong>, J., C. Chong and G. Lumis. 2005. Response of container-grown ninebark to crude and nutrient-enriched recirculating compost leachates. <em>Hortscience<\/em> 40(5): 1507-1512.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hall, <\/strong> S.G., D.A. Schellinger and W.A. Carney. 2006. Enhancing sugarcane field residue biodegradation by grinding and use of compost tea. <em>Compost Science and Utilization<\/em> 14(1): 32-39.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Janzen<\/strong>, R.A., F.D. Cook and W.B. McGill. 1995. Compost extract added to microcosms may simulate community-level controls on soil microorganisms involved in element cycling. <em>Soil Biology and Biochemistry<\/em> 27(2): 181-188.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Jarecki<\/strong>, M.K., C. Chong and R.P. Voroney. 2005. Evaluation of compost leachates for plant growth in hydroponic culture. <em>Journal of Plant Nutrition<\/em> 28(4): 651-667.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Keeling<\/strong>, A.A., K.R. McCallum and C.P. Beckwith. 2003. Mature green waste compost enhances growth and nitrogen uptake in wheat ( <em>Triticum aestivum<\/em> L.) and oilseed rape ( <em>Brassica napus<\/em> L.) through the action of water-extractable factors. <em>Bioresource Technology<\/em> 90(2): 127-132.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Marambe<\/strong>, B., T. Ando and K., Kouno. 1991. Effect of inorganic cations in animal-waste composts on water and cation absorption of germinating sorghum ( <em>Sorghum bicolor<\/em> L. Moench) seeds. <em>Soil Science and Plant Nutrition<\/em> 37(3): 487-496.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Marambe<\/strong>, B. and T. Ando. 1992. Phenolic acids as potential seed germination inhibitors in animal-waste composts. <em>Soil Science and Plant Nutrition<\/em> 38(4): 727-733.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Marambe<\/strong>, B. and T. Ando. 1993. Changes in ATP content of sorghum seeds imbibed in aqueous extracts of germination inhibitory animal-waste composts. <em>Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science<\/em> 170(1): 12-17.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nagaoka<\/strong>, T., K.I. Umezu, K. Kouno, S. Yoshida, Y. Ishiguro and T. Ando. 1996. Selective inhibitors of germination of legume seeds in activated sludge compost . <em>Plant Growth Regulation<\/em> 20(3): 295-302.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Palmroth<\/strong>, M.R.T., J. Pichtel and J.A. Puhakka. 2002. Phytoremediation of subarctic soil contaminated with diesel fuel. <em>Bioresource Technology<\/em> 84(3): 221-228.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pandey<\/strong>, R. and R.A. Sikora. 2000. Einfluss wassriger Extrakte organischer Substanzen auf die Empfindlichkeit von <em>Heterodera schachtii<\/em> Schmidt und <em>Meloidogyne incognita<\/em> (Kofoid and White) Chitwood Eier gegenuber Verticillium chlamydosporium Goddard infektion.<\/li>\n<li>[Influence of aqueous extracts of organic matter on the sensitivity of <em>Heterodera schachtii<\/em> Schmidt and <em>Meloidogyne incognita<\/em> (Kofoid and White) Chitwood eggs to Verticillium chlamydosporium Goddard infection]. <em>Zeitschrift-fuer-Pflanzenkrankheiten-und-Pflanzenschutz<\/em>107(5): 494-497.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Non-refereed Material<\/h2>\n<h3>Popular Magazines<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Anon<\/strong>. 1997. Applying compost tea to prevent potato blight. <em>Biocycle<\/em>38 (5): 53-53.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Anon<\/strong>. 2001. Compost tea protects greens on Presidio Golf Course. <em>Biocycle<\/em> 42(11): 6.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Anon<\/strong>. 2002. San Francisco, California &#8211; Effects of compost tea on golf course greens. <em>Biocycle<\/em> 43(7): 18.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Anon<\/strong>. 2003. Compost tea as an organic input. <em>Biocycle<\/em> 44(2): 14.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Anon<\/strong>. 2003. Templeton, California &#8211; A microbial perspective on compost tea applications. <em>Biocycle<\/em> 44 (2): 18.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Anon<\/strong>. 2003. Using compost tea in irrigation water for farm crops. <em>Biocycle<\/em> 44(2): 27.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bess<\/strong>, V.H. 2000. Understanding compost tea. <em>Biocycle<\/em> 41(10): 71-72.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Brinton<\/strong>, W.F. 1995. The control of plant pathogenic fungi by use of compost teas. <em>Biodynamics<\/em>. January-February p. 12-\u00ad15.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Brown<\/strong>, M. 2005. Compost tea in Central Park: an update. <em>BioCycle<\/em> 46(7): 59-60.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Carpenter-Boggs<\/strong>, L. 2005. Diving into compost tea. <em>BioCycle<\/em> 46(7): 61-62.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chalker-Scott<\/strong>, L. 2005. <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/wp-puyallup\/uploads\/sites\/403\/2015\/03\/compost-tea-3.pdf\">The myth of compost tea, episode III. (pdf)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Chalker-Scott<\/strong>, L. 2003. <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/wp-puyallup\/uploads\/sites\/403\/2015\/03\/compost-tea-2.pdf\">The myth of compost tea revisited. (pdf)<\/a> <em>Washington State Nursery and Landscape Association B &amp; B<\/em> 55 (8): 9-11.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chalker-Scott<\/strong>, L. 2001. <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/wp-puyallup\/uploads\/sites\/403\/2015\/03\/compost-tea.pdf\">The myth of compost tea. (pdf)<\/a> <em>Washington State Nursery and Landscape Association B &amp; B<\/em> 53 (4): 4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Goldstein<\/strong>, J. 2005. Needed: Compost tea research findings. <em>Compost Science and Utilization<\/em>, 13(2): 87.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Grace<\/strong>, K. 2005. California vineyard finds large role for compost. <em>BioCycle<\/em> 46(6): 25-27<br \/>\n<strong>Grobe<\/strong>, K. 2003. California landscape contractor calls it compost tea time. <em>Biocycle<\/em> 44(2): 26-27.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ingham<\/strong>, E. 1998. Anaerobic bacteria and compost tea. <em>Biocycle<\/em> 39 (6): 86-86.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ingham<\/strong>, E. 1999. Making a high quality compost tea &#8211; Part II. <em>Biocycle<\/em> 40 (4): 94.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ingham<\/strong>, E. 1999. What is compost tea? Part I. <em>Biocycle<\/em> 40 (3): 74-75.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ingham<\/strong>, E. 2005. Compost tea: promises and practicalities. <em>IPM Practitioner<\/em> 27(9\/10): 1-5.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kmitta<\/strong>, J. 2002. Something&#8217;s brewing: The benefits of compost tea. <em>Arbor Age<\/em> 22 (4): 36-37. Cathedral City, Calif.: Adams Business Media.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Line<\/strong>, M. and Y. Ramona. 2003. The making of compost teas &#8211; The next generation? <em>Biocycle<\/em> 44(12): 55-56.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mache<\/strong>, Rainer. 1990. Protecting crops with a compost soup. <em>The Furrow<\/em> Nov-Dec. p. 18. John Deere Publications.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Peavy<\/strong>, William S. 1993. Liquid eco-fertilizer: Using &#8216;extract of compost&#8217; on garden crops. <em>Ohio Ecological Food &amp; Farm Association News<\/em>. Winter p. 10.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rovins<\/strong>, C. 2005. Landfill gives birth to ecoindustrial complex. <em>BioCycle<\/em> 46(3): 20-23.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ryan<\/strong>, M, D. Wilson, P. Hepperly, J. Travis, N. Halbrendt and A. Wise. 2005. Compost tea potential is still brewing. <em>BioCycle<\/em> 46(6): 30-32.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rynk<\/strong>, R. 2003. Purifying water for compost tea. <em>Biocycle<\/em> 44(10): 14.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Quarles<\/strong>, W. 2001. Compost tea for organic farming and gardening. <em>IPM Practioner<\/em> 23(9): 1-8.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Scheuerell<\/strong>, S. 2003. Understanding how compost tea can control disease. <em>Biocycle<\/em> 44(2): 20-25.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sideman<\/strong>, Eric. 1996. Enhancing natural disease control with water compost extracts. <em>Maine Organic Farmer &amp; Gardener<\/em>. Mar-May p. 30, \u00ad31, 41.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Touart<\/strong>, A.P. 2000. Time for (compost) tea in the northwest. <em>Biocycle<\/em> 41(10): 74-77.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Urban<\/strong>, J. 2004. Organic maintenance: Mainstream at last? Compost tea and other alternatives to gardening with chemicals. <em>Landscape Architecture<\/em> 94(3): 38+.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Weltzien<\/strong>, H. 1990. Plant protection using compost extracts. <em>International Ag. Sieve<\/em> 3(4): 1\u00ad2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Meetings and Proceedings<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Al-Dahmani<\/strong>, J.H., P.A. Abbasi, S.A. Miller and H.A.J. Hoitink. 1999. Efficacy of compost water extracts for control of bacterial spot of tomato. <em>Phytopathology<\/em> 89(6 Supplement ): S2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Al-Dahmani<\/strong>, J.H., S.A. Miller and H.A.J. Hoitink. 1998. Control of bacterial spot of tomato with foliar sprays of compost water extracts. <em>Phytopathology<\/em> 88(9 Supplement.): S3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Andrews, <\/strong>J.H., R.N. Spear, X. Zhang, E.V. Nordheim and R.F. Harris. 1992. Compost extracts and the biological control of apple scab. <em>Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology<\/em> 14(3): 240.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Budde<\/strong>, E.K., and H.C. Weltzien. 1988. Phytosanitary effects of compost extracts and substrates on the host-pathogen system barley powdery mildew <em>Erysiphe graminis<\/em> F. sp. <em>hordei marchal<\/em>. <em>Mededelingen van de Faculteit Landbouwwetenschappen Universiteit Gent<\/em> 53(2 Part A): 363-372.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Budde, <\/strong>K. and H.C. Weltzien. 1988. Studies on the action of compost extracts and compost substrates in the grain-genuine mildew <em>Erysiphe graminis<\/em>. <em>Communications of the Federal Biological Institute for Agriculture and Forestry Berlin-Dahlem<\/em> 245: 366.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Diver<\/strong>, S. 2004. Compost teas: A tool for rhizosphere + phyllosphere agriculture. <em>Phytopathology<\/em> 94(6 Supplement):13.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Duffy, <\/strong>B., S. Ravva and L. Stanker 2002. Human pathogen safety issues with compost extracts. <em>Phytopathology<\/em> 92(6 Supplement ): S21.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Grewal, <\/strong>P.S. 1988. Stimulation of fungal control of mycophagous nematodes and weed moulds in mushroom compost. <em>Brighton Crop Protection Conference: Pests and Diseases<\/em> 3: 1199-1204.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hummerick<\/strong>, M.P., J.L. Adams, J.E. Judkins, N.C. Yorio and J.L. Garland. 2001. The microbiological effect of using compost leachate in hydroponic plant systems. <em>Abstracts of the General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology<\/em> 101: 667.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ketterer<\/strong>, N., B. Fischer and H.C. Weltzien. 1992. Biological control of <em>Botrytis cinerea<\/em> on grapevine by compost extracts and their microorganisms in pure culture, pp. 179-186. In: K. Verhoeff, N.E. Malathrakis and B. Williamson, (eds.), <em>Recent Advances in Botrytis Research<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ketterer, <\/strong>N. and L. Schwager. 1992. The effect of compost extracts on disease attack and phyllosphere population in bush bean and tomato leaves. <em>Mededelingen van de Faculteit Landbouwwetenschappen Universiteit Gent<\/em> 5 7 (2-3 Part A-B) 411-421.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ketterer<\/strong>, N. and H.C. Weltzien. 1988. The effect of compost and microorganism extracts on potato infection by <em>Phytophthora infestans<\/em>. <em>Communications of the Federal Biological Institute for Agriculture and Forestry Berlin-Dahlem<\/em> 245: 346.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ketterer<\/strong>, N. and H.C. Weltzien. 1987. Studies on the effect of compost extracts on the infection of grapevine leaves through <em>Pseudopeziza tracheiphila<\/em> in outdoor trials. <em>Mededelingen van de Faculteit Landbouwwetenschappen Universiteit Gent<\/em> 5 2 (3 Part A): 965-970.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kotcon, <\/strong>J.B. and W.K. Murray. 2003. Efficacy of compost and compost tea for suppression of early blight in organically grown tomato. <em>Phytopathology<\/em> 93 (6 Supplement ): S47.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Larkin<\/strong>, R.P. 2004. Influence of biocontrol agents and other biological amendments on soil microbial communities. <em>Phytopathology<\/em> 94(6 Supplement): S56.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lyons, <\/strong>M.T., A.D. Peacock, D.C. White and C.E. Sams. 2002. Composted amendments alter soil microbial communities and suppress southern blight. <em>Phytopathology<\/em> 92 (6 Supplement ): S49.<\/li>\n<li><strong>McGrath, <\/strong>M.T. 2003. Organic crop production in Australia. <em>Phytopathology<\/em> 93 (6 Supplement ): S134.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sackenheim<\/strong>, R., H.C. Weltzien, W.K. Kast and N. Ketterer. 1990. Studies on the action of some compost extracts of fungal grape pathogens. <em>Communications of the Federal Biological Institute for Agriculture and Forestry Berlin-Dahlem<\/em>266: 219.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Samerski<\/strong>, C. and H.C. Weltzien. 1988. Studies on the activity and action mechanisms of compost extracts in the pathosystem cucumber-cucumber powerry mildew <em>Sphaerotheca fuliginea<\/em>. <em>Mededelingen van de Faculteit Landbouwwetenschappen Universiteit Gent<\/em> 53 (2 Part A): 373-378.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Schilder<\/strong>, A.M.C, J.M Gillett and R.W. Sysak. 2003. Disease control improves winter survival of summer red raspberry plants. <em>American Phytopathological Society North Central<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Division Abstracts<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Traenkner<\/strong>, A. and R. Liesenfeld. 1990. Suppression of <em>Pythium ultimum<\/em>, and embryo disease of the pea, <em>Pisum sativum<\/em>, by treating seeds with compost extract. <em>Communications of the Federal Biological Institute for Agriculture and Forestry Berlin-Dahlem<\/em>266: 64.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Weltzien<\/strong>, H.C. 1989. Some effects of composted organic materials on plant health. <em>Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment<\/em>27: 439-\u00ad446.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Weltzien<\/strong>, H.C. 1988. The effects of compost extracts on plant health, pp. 551-\u00ad552. In: P. Allen and D.Van Dusen (eds.) <em>Global Perspectives on Agroecology and Sustainable Agricultural Systems.<br \/>\n<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Weltzien<\/strong>, H.C., K. Budde, N. Ketterer, C. Samerski and A. Stindt. 1990. Improved plant health through application of composted organic material and compost extracts. p. 377\u00ad-379. In: A. Djigma et al. (ed). <em>Agricultural Alternatives and Nutritional Self-Sufficiency<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Other Non-referred Materials<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Diver<\/strong>, S. 1998. Compost teas for plant disease control. Pest management technical notes (Appropriate Technology Transfer for Rural Areas (Organization) 5 pp.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ingham<\/strong>, E.R. 2003. The compost tea brewing manual, 4th ed. Soil Foodweb, Inc., Corvallis, OR, 88 pp.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ketterer<\/strong>, N. 1990. Studies on the effect of a compost extraction on the leaf infections of potatoes and tomatoes by <em>Phytophthora infestans<\/em> as well as on the infection of grape vines by <em>Plasmopara viticola<\/em>, <em>Pseudopeziza tracheiphila<\/em> and <em>Uncinula necator<\/em>. PhD Thesis, Bonn, Germany.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Van Bol<\/strong>, V., C. Decamps, H. Maraite and A. Peeters. 1993. Control of <em>Phytophthora infestans<\/em> in a potato crop: Testing of methods usable in organic farming. <em>Mededelingen Faculteit Landbouwkundige en Toegepaste Biologische Wetenschappen Universiteit Gent<\/em>. 58(3B): 1315-1320.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Patents<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Alms<\/strong>, M. J. Hilty and G. Van Hoesen. 2003. Compost tea system. <em>Official Gazette of the United States Patent and Trademark Office Patents<\/em> 1276(3).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hronek<\/strong>, D.R. 2004. Apparatus for producing compost tea. <em>Official Gazette of the United States Patent and Trademark Office Patents<\/em>1281(4).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Huhn<\/strong>, T.C. 2004. Method of producing compost tea and apparatus therefore. <em>Official Gazette of the United States Patent and Trademark Office Patents<\/em>1284(4).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Roberts<\/strong>, G.D. and V.J. Roberts. 2003. Aerobic reduction reactor. <em>Official Gazette of the United States Patent and Trademark Office Patents<\/em> 1269(5).<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p> Literature on Compost Tea and Disease Suppression<\/p>\n<p><strong>Compiled by Dr. Linda Chalker-Scott, Ph.D.<\/strong><br \/> <em>Associate Professor and Extension Urban Horticulturist, WSU Puyallup Research and Extension Center<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>Refereed, Scientific Publications<\/h2>\n<p> &#8230; <a href=\"https:\/\/puyallup.wsu.edu\/lcs\/reference-compost-tea\/\" class=\"more-link\"><span class=\"more-default\">&raquo; More &#8230;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10881,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-builder.php","meta":[],"wsuwp_university_location":[],"wsuwp_university_org":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/puyallup.wsu.edu\/lcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/715"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/puyallup.wsu.edu\/lcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/puyallup.wsu.edu\/lcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/puyallup.wsu.edu\/lcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10881"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/puyallup.wsu.edu\/lcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=715"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/puyallup.wsu.edu\/lcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/715\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":840,"href":"https:\/\/puyallup.wsu.edu\/lcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/715\/revisions\/840"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/puyallup.wsu.edu\/lcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=715"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"wsuwp_university_location","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/puyallup.wsu.edu\/lcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wsuwp_university_location?post=715"},{"taxonomy":"wsuwp_university_org","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/puyallup.wsu.edu\/lcs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wsuwp_university_org?post=715"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}